Experts Urge Pneumonia Shots for Elderly essays

Experts Urge Pneumonia Shots for Elderly essays Experts Urge Pneumonia shots for Elderly Because of the recent findings that there is a big shortage of flu shots, senior citizens of the ages 65 and older, have been urged to take the Pneumonia shot. This shot, called Pneumovax, is a one time shot for senior citizens. The vaccine is covered by Medicare.Younger people with heart disease and lung disease, and weak immune systems are also encouraged to use it too. For younger people though, the shot ranges from $30 to $50. Also is a person is under 65 and is taking the shot, they will have to get a booster shot after five years of taking it. This shot not only protects you from contracting pneumonia, it also prevents deadly blood infections and meningitis. This shot is not a replacement shot for the flu, but people are highly encouraged to get both shots if possible. The drug Pneumovax is always overlooked by many people, because most of them are looking for the flu shot, which always seems to come up short of the vaccine, but with this vaccine, there is never a shortage. S tudies show that 175,000 Americans are hospitalized with pneumonia. Also this germ causes more than 50,000 blood infections and up to 6,000 cases of meningitis. Almost 6,000 of those people die. The government is hoping that 90 percent of the elderly actually get the shot by the year 2010, but as statistics show now only 63 percent of them are receiving the shot now. Now what health officials are deciding to do is to expand the number of people who should get the vaccine to 50 or older, considering the fact that at this age people are more prone to the risk of getting pneumococcal disease, which will begin to rise before a more dramatic surge in the 60s. I feel that it is important for many people to go and get these shots. Senior citizens should especially abide by these recommendations. The elderlys health isnt doing anything but getting worse as they are getting older, especially thos...

Timeline of Important Dates in Microsoft History

Timeline of Important Dates in Microsoft History This timeline of Microsoft history accompanies our main article Microsoft - Profile of a Computing Giant. 1975 Microsoft foundedJanuary 1, 1979 Microsoft moves from Albuquerque, New Mexico to Bellevue, WashingtonJune 25, 1981 Microsoft incorporatesAugust 12, 1981 IBM introduces its personal computer with Microsofts 16-bit operating system, MS-DOS 1.0 November, 1983 Microsoft Windows announcedNovenber, 1985 Microsoft Windows version 1.0 releasedFebruary 26, 1986 Microsoft moves to corporate campus in Redmond, WashingtonMarch 13, 1986 Microsoft stock goes publicApril, 1987 Microsoft Windows version 2.0 releasedAugust 1, 1989 Microsoft introduces earliest version of Office suite of productivity applicationsMay 22, 1990 Microsoft launches Windows 3.0 August 24, 1995 Microsoft launches Windows 95December 7, 1995 Internet by launching internet explorer a web browser.June 25, 1998 Microsoft launches Windows 98Jan. 13, 2000 Steve Ballmer named president and chief executive officer for MicrosoftFeb. 17, 2000 Microsoft launches Windows 2000 June 22, 2000 Bill Gates and Steve Ballmer outline Micros ofts .NET strategy for Web services May 31, 2001 Microsoft launches Office XPOct. 25, 2001 Microsoft launches Windows XPNov. 15, 2001 Microsoft launches XboxNov. 7, 2002 Microsoft and partners launch Tablet PCApril 24, 2003 Microsoft launches Windows Server 2003Oct. 21, 2003 Microsoft launches Microsoft Office SystemNov. 22, 2005 Microsoft launches Xbox 360Jan. 30, 2007 Microsoft launches Windows Vista and the 2007 Microsoft Office System to consumers worldwideFeb. 27, 2008 Microsoft launches Windows Server 2008, SQL Server 2008 and Visual Studio 2008June 27, 2008 Bill Gates transitions from his day-to-day role at Microsoft to spend more time on his work at The Bill Melinda Gates FoundationJune 3, 2009 Microsoft launches Bing search engineOct. 22, 2009 Microsoft launches Windows 7June 15, 2010 Microsoft launches general availability of Office 2010Nov. 4, 2010 Microsoft launches Kinect for Xbox 360Nov. 10, 2010 Microsoft launches Windows Phone 7Nov. 17, 2010 Microsoft announces availability of Microsoft LyncJune 28, 20 11 Microsoft launches Office 365

Breast Cancer Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Breast Cancer - Research Paper Example There are many studies and intensive research is underway in order to identify the most important factors that are the reason for the constant increase of the incidence of breast cancer in the last several decades. The results and information’s from this research should help us reduce the morbidity and mortality from breast cancer and increase the self-awareness of the general population about the risks for this disease. In this study we will conduct a systematic research on the risk and other factors that are the most important factors in the etiology of breast cancer and also we will discuss the challenges of effective screening and treatment of breast cancer. Introduction Breast cancer is malignant neoplasm that is originating from the tissues of the breast. It has significance as one of the most common cancers in the population that almost exclusively affects the female population, however in small percentages this malignancy is present in the male population also (less than 1% of all cases of breast cancer) (Florescu et al. 2011). Breast cancer is the most common type of invasive malignancy that affects women and contributes up to 23% of all invasive cancers that affect female population worldwide. It is registered that in year 2008 13.7% of cancer mortality in the female population in the world was caused by breast cancer or 6% of all cancer mortality worldwide (men and women) was caused by breast cancer (GLOBOCAN 2008). These numbers are alarming and show that breast cancer has severe impact on the global morbidity and mortality especially on the female population. It is also alarming that incidences of breast cancer are constantly increasing dur ing the last three decades and this tendency is maintained till the resent day (Louwman et al 2008). It is believed that this is caused by the modern way of life and the changes that appeared in the habits and diets of modern way of living, changes in the reproductive behavior of the female population and other factors (Dignam et al 2003). This fact can be elaborated more clearly if we understand that the incidence of breast cancer is higher in western, developed countries and in countries that accept western way of lifestyle. For example incidences of breast cancer in population of 100 000 in western Europe is 78, in North America is 90 and these rates are significantly higher when compared to eastern Asia with 18 cases per 100 000 population, in sub-Saharan Africa 22 etc. (Stewart and Kleihues 2003). United States has the highest incidence of breast cancer in the world with 128 new cases of breast cancer on 100 000 women and in United States breast cancer is the second most common cancer after the skin cancer and the second most common cause of cancer mortality after lung cancer (American Cancer Society 2007). As we can see from the above statistics breast cancer has significant effect on the mortality in the population worldwide but especially in the developed countries. 3. Risk factors for breast cancer 3.1. Unchangeable risk factors for breast cancer There are many factors that is believed are the risen for the increase of the incidence of breast cancer in developed countries. In order to understand these factors we will look at the risk factors that are found to be associated with increased incidence of brea

Strategic Communication in Public Relations Essay

Strategic Communication in Public Relations - Essay Example In my opinion, due to the undesirability of 'spam' information, it is becoming increasingly more attention-capturing and persuasive, especially highly-contextual political messages. The author of this essay has recently received an interesting letter, which will put frames of the present paper and be explained in terms of communication strategies. First of all, the letter has quite an attractive title - "NARAL Pro-Choice America CHOICE AND CHANGE". The catchphrase or attention grabber is most helpful in this sense, as the primary task of those who compiled this message is to create the situation, in which the receiver would read at least a title, i.e. the thread should be consistent and informative itself. One more helpful feature of this political agitation message is the presence of an outline at the beginning so that the receiver has an opportunity to take a glance at the brief content. In my opinion, such lengthy messages should be started with a mini 'contents' section. Another technique, applied in the present message is an emphasis on the reader's needs. If the latter decides to open the letter, then he or she necessitates information, has continuous information about 'hunger'. In addition, the message is designed for native American citizens, the majority of whom are to some extent dissatisfied with the performance of the U.S. Congress, and are thus ready to perceive related criticism. "I am as thrilled as you are to think about a Congress that's not in the hands of anti-choice leaders like Dennis Hastert and Rick Santorum. But I know from my days running for office in Montana, we must not let up now. It's not over until all the votes are counted" (the entire letter is presented in 'appendix' section). Furthermore, the political agitation includes explaining to the reader his/her main needs and fears and offering a satisfaction alternative. The writer speaks from the first person and seems to address the message directly to the reader. In order t o confirm the reader's doubts in the overall legal and political balance, the message refers also to the research, conducted by Pro-Choice Group, which suggests that the opponents of 'choice' are in majority, so the major current problem is the lack of legal enforcement and inadequate financial basis for the realization of national will. The argument in the letter is built skillfully, as the author draws an imaginary 'conditional' picture (in the best PR-traditions) 'What will happen if[Anti-Choice-Groups come to power' (or visualization): anti-choice candidates are depicted as those who slow down democratization of American society. In this sense, I can outline two main strategic communication techniques: first of all, the establishment of villain's (or, more precisely, the enemy's) image, who should possess those treats which would appeal to the reader's self-consciousness, financial interest or ethical concerns (women's choice is a brilliant example in this case). Secondly, the world under the villain's rule will necessarily turn into a complete mess and, as the enemy is not competent enough and has the biased approach to the problems, which must be solved according to liberal democratic principles. The trick within the latter technique is an exaggeration, i.e. the problem is overblown and turned into a real disas ter. In fact, as changingminds.org content writer holds (2006), people need strong emotion-inducing arguments, such as the possibility of war, ecological catastrophe or economic depression – only in this case the reader would perceive and interpret the spam e-mail message seriously.  Ã‚  

Daimler Chrysler Merger Essay -- GCSE Business Marketing Coursework

Daimler Chrysler Merger Daimler Chrysler is the result of merging Daimler-Benz and the Chrysler Corporation in late 1998. The merger was to be one of the largest on record, and the beginning of a new wave of mergers sweeping through the automotive industry. Although the companies were manufacturing generally similar products, the differences between those products could not be wider. Chrysler was known for a product line consisting of mini-vans, light duty trucks, and four-wheel drive off-road vehicles; Daimler-Benz was known for its luxury brand of Mercedes-Benz vehicles and medium and heavy-duty over-the-road trucks. Merging the two companies entertained the idea of one entity possessing a product line covering nearly every type of wheeled vehicle. Daimler Chrysler’s strategy was to maintain separate brands and images, following its internal book, â€Å"Guidelines for Daimler Chrysler Brand Management.† This book outlined a strategy consistent with a clear separation of Mercedes-Benz and Chrysler brands. No sharing of common platforms, factories, or dealership networks was allowed. In effect, the two companies were to be run as separate entities; even the headquarters were to remain separate. It would appear a strategy consistent with these goals would severely limit any anticipated synergies of the merger. Upon completion of the merger, an industry wide overcapacity existed, and economic conditions suggested a further slowdown in auto sales on the horizon. Medium and heavy-duty truck sales were slowing down, Mercedes-Benz was facing stiff competition from the luxury Japanese car market, Chrysler was experiencing lackluster sales, and clearly, costs needed to be cut. The result was Daimler Chrysler’s announced layoffs of 26,000 employees and the idling of several assembly plants in North America. It became apparent to those outside the organization that the merger was more of a takeover by Daimler-Benz than a â€Å"merger of equals.† Clearly, Daimler-Benz emerged as the leading entity and named many of its executives to the board of directors. Chrysler’s management took a back seat, and the former Chrysler CEO was given a lesser role in the new organization. Since the completion of the merger, Daimler Chrysler stock (DCX) has suffered over a 55% decline. The fundamentals of the company trail i... ...strategic alliances with MMC and Hyundai should allow rapid penetration in the Asian market. The potential synergies, if realized, should allow increased production efficiencies while reducing costs. New product lead-time could be diminished sequentially, allowing an advantage over the competition, while incorporating Daimler-Benz’s engineering facilities with Chrysler should increase Chrysler’s perceived quality without sacrificing Mercedes-Benz’s brand image. Of late, the stock price has suffered more than its peers as investors recognize the lack of synergy if the entities are not combined in at least some capacity. Combining at least some portions of engineering, design, and manufacturing should be attempted, at least on an experimental basis, if any synergies are to be realized. Merging and acquiring companies without exploiting their comparative advantages offers little or no advantages. If Daimler Chrysler is to prosper in this very competitive industry, it should explore all potential comparative and strategic advantages to minimize costs while sharing its core competencies throughout the organization to increase market share and brand recognition.

Children with Down Syndrome Plastic Surgery Essay

Children with Down Syndrome: Plastic Surgery Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Children with Down Syndrome share similar characteristics such as its effects on their facial features. The bandwagon of most children protracts such features as extra skin. As a result, these children have an epicanthi fold that is additional skin on their eyelids inner corners. In addition, they have slanted eye openings rather than the horizontal openings, a feature referred to as slant palpebral tissues. Besides, such children have flattened nasal bridge and may also have downturned lower lip and flat mid-facial zone. Notwithstanding, they may have an open mouth with a protruding tongue. Plastic surgery was proposed in the 1970s as a way to reconfigure their children’s facial features to recover from Down Syndrome. Surgery recoveries for this ailment are categorized into facial reconstruction and tongue surgery. The treatment approach has elicited mixed debate on the parenting and parenting rights. This paper argues that parents of children with Down Syndrome should not subject their children to plastic surgery to make them look more conventional.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To begin with, interventions to change the body of a child may involve use of medicines, surgery or hormones. Conventionally, such interventions inflicted some physical damage to the children and are generally optional (Ameen & Boby, 2013). The procedures to reshape the body of a child are irreversible, invasive and potentially dangerous. Nonetheless, the fact these decisions are made indifferent to therapy needs differentiates them from similar parental decisions that design the child. Indeed, current laws do not consider the difference in these decisions, and therefore, parents can decide to subject their children to various body shaping. Current laws are indifferent to children body shaping decisions although they raise concerns on child rights, parental rights as well as parent obligations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the U.S.A for instance, it is constitutionally and in common law embalmed that competent adults decide on their personal medical decisions. These decisions go beyond lifesaving treatment, dangerous cosmetic procedures and election treatment. In this regard, children are not considered as competent adults. Ethicists argue that teenagers and young children should decide on their medical procedures. However, the law vests decision making for teenagers and children on their guardians and parents withy limited restrictions. Therefore, legally, parents are free to decide among different alternatives including plastic surgery to reshape their children.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Obviously, there is much as stake when parents are allowed to subject their children to plastic surgery even when the children have Down Syndrome. Firstly, plastic surgery inflicts physical harm as it involves piercing and cutting of the skin (Ouellette, 2010). Besides, it may entail removal of organs or tissues as well as injection or anesthetizing with hormones. Consequently, the children stand at a risk of suffering cancer, nerve damage, hypertension, diabetes or death in extreme cases. Notwithstanding, such children are likely to suffer from psychological risks associated with injury to identity and stigma. Still, the piercing, cutting and injecting the tender skin of children constitute child abuse.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   For ages, plastic surgery was a recipe for austerity and ostensible rich or a requisite recovery treatment for birth deformities and trauma sufferings. However, today, it is an optional cosmetic surgery accessible to people of all economic structures and ages (Ouellette, 2010). In spite of these, this paper is of the opinion that it should be accessible to adults only. For this reason, the researcher does not harbor ill will against plastic surgery for treatment but emphatically reserves it for adults only. Therefore, this is not a grand conceptualization to present a teenage girl for breast implants to rejuvenate her low self esteem. Neither should a teenage boy be subjected to plastic surgery for skin acne scars. Instead, parents should tally for a few more years for them to make these shaping decisions in their adulthood.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Parents of children with Down Syndrome subject their children to plastic surgery to make them look â€Å"more conventional†. To begin with, â€Å"conventional† is a relative word in Down Syndrome vocabulary because most children tend to take after other members of their family (Ameen & Boby, 2013). Therefore, there is nothing unusual. So, conventional is a term used to brandish children with Down Syndrome by their parents to refer to a â€Å"less embarrassing† look. Note that I do not use any particular term for that purpose. As a result, my son and daughter are my children, period! If they have Down Syndrome, they are not normal, weird, and conventional or anything like that like their elder siblings or not. They are my children, period!   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Coincidentally, parents subjecting their children to cosmetic surgery claim unconditional love to their children (Ameen & Boby, 2013). However, they willingly, uninfluenced and independently expose their children to pain and suffering in an effort to throw a cover over their having Down Syndrome. Most of the parents claim to mitigate humiliation, embarrassment and pain from teasing by â€Å"fitting them in†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Pardon my dumbness, but I wonder how it helps a kid with learning disabilities learns that his parents were extremely embarrassed and ashamed of their outlook that they would have spent astronomically to reverse the situation (Ameen & Boby, 2013). Equally, I wonder how it helps the child when it is teased at school for being â€Å"unconventional† while the peers cannot tell that the child has Down Syndrome. For this reason, parents of children having Down Syndrome should not subject their children to plastic surgery. They should wait for the children to become of age and make personal decisions. After all, plastic surgery is an irreversible condition. References Ameen, F., & Boby, C. (2013, June 4). Parenting a Child with Down Syndrome. HubPages. Retrieved December 27, 2013, from http://society-parenting.hubpages.com/hub/Parenting-a-Child-with-Down-Syndrome Ouellette, A. (2010). Shaping P arental Authority Over Children ‘ s Bodies. Indiana Law Journal, 85(3), 956-1001. Source document

Morality And The Existence Of God - 1619 Words

In this essay, I will be arguing that Zagzebski’s argument illustrates that it is rational to believe that God does exist. I will briefly explain the â€Å"Does Ethics need God?† fundamental argument about morality that is presented in Zagzebski’s argument. After the first two parts of my essay I will discuss some objections and respond them. I will argue that Zagzebski’s argument indeed proves that God exists and I will do this by outlining the main claims of this argument and by responding to objections to this argument. According to (Evans, 2014) â€Å"The have been several arguments that have been central to the discussion of morality and the existence of God form a part of a diverse body of arguments that reason from some feature of morality†¦show more content†¦(Zagzebski, 1987: 295). The first premise states that if there is no God humans need to rely on their own human intuition in regards to living a life based on moral truth, as our own selves do not possess the necessary faculties to be able to judge what is perceived as ethical. Since, there is no what of knowing what is morally correct, as there is no moral compass that one may follow then moral despair is a rational thought for the atheists. However, moral despair is not a rational thought as humans are constantly trying to live a life that pertains to some sort of moral code and that is embedded in theistic principles. Furthermore, the second premise extends this thought and denotes that humans are constantly in pursuit of living their lives in a moral way in an attempt to be rewarded in the hereafter. In addition, there needs to be a lucid reason as to why human beings attempt to lead a moral life and there needs to be an essence of trust in a deity that would make it sufficient to partake in this attempt to lead a life that would be deemed as moral otherwise why would humans simply waste their time in this attempt initially. An opponent might object to my response by saying that that morality is not primarily based on theistic belief but instead a moral law that has no direct correlation to religion but yet encompasses ethical principles. ZagzebskiShow MoreRelatedEssay on Moral Argument for Existence of God1607 Words   |  7 PagesAll moral arguments for the existence of God work on the principle that we all have a shared sense of morality. Despite cultural differences, broadly speaking, humans worldwide have a vague idea of what is right and what is wrong; a moral argument for the existence of God would say that this mutual understanding is proof of Gods existence. 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